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4 - From Maastricht and Copenhagen to Amsterdam and Nice

from Part I - Milestones: Treaties and Treaty Changes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 October 2023

By
Desmond Dinan
Edited by
Mathieu Segers  and
Steven Van Hecke
Mathieu Segers
Affiliation:
Universiteit Maastricht, Netherlands
Steven Van Hecke
Affiliation:
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
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Summary

The cities in the title of this contribution were the locations of summits at which European Community (EC)/European Union (EU) leaders made historic decisions that shaped the future of the European project. At three of those summits – Maastricht in December 1991, Amsterdam in June 1997 and Nice in December 2000 – leaders agreed on changes to the founding treaties on which the EC and the EU are based. Of the three treaty changes, which subsequently bore the names of the cities themselves, Maastricht was by far the most consequential, not only because it ushered in the EU but also because of its provisions for Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and cooperation on Justice and Home Affairs.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge History of the European Union , pp. 118 - 142
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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References

Recommended Reading

Best, E., Gray, M. and Stubb, A.. Rethinking the European Union: IGC 2000 and Beyond (Maastricht, European Institute of Public Administration, 2000).Google Scholar
Dinan, D. Europe Recast: A History of European Union, 2nd ed. (London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2014).Google Scholar
Edwards, G. and Pijpers, A. (eds.). The Politics of European Treaty Reform: The 1996 Intergovernmental Conference and Beyond (London, Pinter, 1997).Google Scholar
Gilbert, M. European Integration: A Political History, 2nd ed. (Lanham, MD, Rowman and Littlefield, 2021).Google Scholar
Kochenov, D. EU Enlargement and the Failure of Conditionality: Pre-accession Conditionality in the Fields of Democracy and the Rule of Law (Amsterdam, Kluwer Law International, 2008).Google Scholar
Neunreither, K. and Wiener, A. (eds.). European Integration after Amsterdam: Institutional Dynamics and Prospects for Democracy (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Redmond, J. The 1995 Enlargement of the European Union (Aldershot, Dartmouth, 1997).Google Scholar

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