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10 - The International Working Men’s Association (1864–1876/7)

from The Arrival of the Hostile Siblings: Marxism and Anarchism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 November 2022

By
Fabrice Bensimon
Edited by
Marcel van der Linden
Marcel van der Linden
Affiliation:
International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam
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Summary

The International Working Men’s Association (IWMA) was the first truly international working-class organization. It was founded before the development of mass working-class parties, and it mostly gathered trade unions which numbered a few hundred or few thousand members, associations, co-operatives, and individual members. It favoured various forms of solidarity among workers: co-ordination between unions to prevent the international circulation of strike-breakers, financial support for strikes, support for political refugees. It debated and passed resolutions on many issues: some stemmed from social and economic preoccupations – from production co-operatives to land ownership and socialism, from the machine question to children’s and women’s labour, from the eight-hour day to universal compulsory education.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge History of Socialism , pp. 232 - 260
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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References

Further Reading

Archer, Julian P. W., The First International in France, 1864–1871 (Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1997).Google Scholar
Bensimon, Fabrice, Deluermoz, Quentin, and Moisand, Jeanne (eds.), ‘Arise Ye Wretched of the Earth’: The First International in a Global Perspective (Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2018).Google Scholar
Collins, Henry, and Abramsky, Chimen, Karl Marx and the British Labour Movement: Years of the First International (London: Macmillan, 1965).Google Scholar
Eckhardt, Wolfgang (ed.), The First Socialist Schism: Bakunin vs Marx in the International Working Men’s Association (Oakland, CA: PM Press, 2016).Google Scholar
The General Council of the First International, 1864–1872: Minutes, 5 vols. (Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1963–9).Google Scholar
The Hague Congress of the First International: September 2–7, 1872, 2 vols. (Moscow: Progress, 1976–8).Google Scholar
Katz, Henryk, The Emancipation of Labor: A History of the First International (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1992).Google Scholar
Messer-Kruse, Timothy, The Yankee International: Marxism and the American Tradition, 1848–1876 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998).Google Scholar
Musto, Marcello (ed.), Workers Unite! The International 150 Years Later (London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2014).Google Scholar
La Première Internationale. L’institution, l’implantation, le rayonnement (Paris: Editions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 1968).Google Scholar

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