1. A sequence of strata is determined in the Dogger of Upper Eskdale and its tributary valleys. The rocks fall into three main series, which are subdivided into groups.

2. The underlying Yeovilian sediments, originally included with the Dogger, are mapped and briefly described. The unconformity between them and the Dogger is emphasized.

3. The Dogger is marine throughout but only the oldest yields an adequate faunal assemblage, similar to that of the Glaisdale Oolite Series (upper opalinum). The greater part of the Dogger of this area is therefore younger than that of the Yorkshire Coast.

4. Chemical changes in the sea-water caused the deposition of siderite to characterize the earliest phase (Glaisdale Oolite Series). This was succeeded by a phase of dominantly chamosite deposition (the Chamositic Series) followed by a reversion to siderite deposition (the Ajalon Series).

5. Earth-movement controlled sedimentation over the area. During the first phase an eastern tilt to the region held the centre and west above or near sea-level, where it received no sediment. The second phase saw general depression with the accumulation of shallow water sediments. This was followed by uplift and erosion when a broad shallow valley was cut. Partial depression then flooded the valley with derived marine sediments.

Before the Austins published their Monograph on Recent and Fossil Crinoidea, they issued to prospective subscribers an illustrated circular intimating the forthcoming publication of the work. Through the kindness of Professor W. T. Gordon, of King's College, London, I have a copy of this circular. It is in one sheet, printed on one side only and measures 7¼ in. by 9½ in. Over one-third of the upper part of the printed page is occupied by two specimen illustrations, “Platycrinites laevis (Miller)” on the left, and “Actinocrinites elephantinus (Austin)” on the right hand side. The genus Platycrinites was later fully described in parts 1, 2, and 3 of the Monograph, and a facsimile of the drawing of P. laevis of the circular is given on pl. i, fig. 1e of the Monograph. The illustration of Actinocrinites elephantinus Austin, however, does not seem to have been published in any work by the Austins prior or subsequent to part 8 of the Monograph, which was the last number to appear.

Some remarks recently made by Dr. Rastall in the Geological Magazine have drawn attention to a present need for objective study of valley sculpture in tropical rain-forest regions. Pending the collection of further data in difficult terrains like the Malay Peninsula and the Owen Stanley Range of New Guinea we have available some well-reasoned theories that have been offered in explanation of the peculiar forms assumed by most Hawaiian valleys—forms that are perhaps peculiar only when judged by cool-temperate standards.