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El Coyote, macroregional exchange, and Early Postclassic Mesoamerica
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 13 March 2024
Abstract
Relative to the centuries preceding and following it, the tenth century a.d. in Mesoamerica is poorly understood by scholars. Although there is some regional variation in the timing of these events, archaeologists commonly ascribe a pattern of political decline, dynastic collapse, or social reorganization to this period. Paradoxically, increasing interregional interactions and emergent market exchange networks are also characteristics of macroregional patterns during the tenth century. These contradictory phenomena contribute to confusion surrounding interpretations of this transitional time. This article contributes a comparative dataset from systematic archaeological investigations of El Coyote, a monumental center in the lower Cacaulapa valley, Department of Santa Barbara, Honduras. The late occupational phase contains evidence for Early Postclassic chronological markers, including Tohil Plumbate pottery; obsidian from Pachuca, Hidalgo; and copper metallurgy. Calibrated radiocarbon assays with a 2σ error place these contexts between a.d. 710 and 1040, with a clustering of intercepts circa a.d. 900. These results are consistent with a pattern described throughout Mesoamerica and demonstrate that despite variation in the use of cultural terminology—Epiclassic, Terminal Classic, or Early Postclassic—there is uniformity in the timing of this macroregional interaction.
Resumen
Relativo a los siglos que le precedieron y siguieron, sabemos poco sobre el Siglo X d.C. en Mesoamérica. Aunque existe variación regional en la cronología de estos eventos, un patrón de decaimiento político, colapso dinástico o reorganización social son comúnmente adscritos a este periodo. Paradójicamente, un aumento en interacciones interregionales y redes de intercambio de mercado emergentes también son características de patrones macrorregionales durante el siglo décimo. Estos fenómenos contradictorios contribuyen a una confusión en torno a las interpretaciones de este tiempo transitorio. Este artículo contribuye un conjunto de datos comparativos proveniente de investigaciones arqueológicas sistemáticas en El Coyote, un centro monumental en el Bajo Valle de Cacaulapa, Departamento de Santa Bárbara, Honduras. El Coyote fue fundado durante el periodo Preclásico Tardío (ca. 300 a.C.) y creció significativamente entre 600-800 d.C. Para el Siglo X, el enfoque cívico-ceremonial de El Coyote se mudó de la Plaza Principal del Clásico Tardío hacia el recién construido Complejo Noreste.
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